Emacs NEWS.26

This allows disabling the new feature introduced in Emacs 26.1 which loads files during completion of 【C-h f】 and 【C-h v】 according to definition-prefixes.

The newly assigned codepoint U+32FF was added to the Unicode Character Database compiled into Emacs.

To build Emacs with xwidgets support, you will need to install the webkit2gtk-4.0 package; version 2.12 or later is required. (This change was actually made in Emacs 26.1, but was not called out in its NEWS.)

The emacs-module.h file is now installed in the system-wide include directory as part of the Emacs installation. This allows to build Emacs modules outside of the Emacs source tree.

Default t means don't try to load color fonts when using Xft, as they often cause crashes. Set it to nil if you really need those fonts.

Existing files "~/.emacs.d/shadows" and "~/.emacs.d/shadow_todo" must be removed prior using the changed 'shadow-*' commands.

The old name is an alias of the new name. Future Emacs version will obsolete it.

Input that arrived from subprocesses while some code executed inside the while-no-input form injected an internal buffer-switch event that counted as input and would cause while-no-input to return, perhaps prematurely. These buffer-switch events are now by default ignored by while-no-input; if you need to get the old behavior, remove 「buffer-switch」 from the list of events in while-no-input-ignore-events.

depending on the new customizable variable read-answer-short.

Like assq-delete-all, but uses 'equal' for comparison.

The behavior of thing-at-point when called with argument 'list' has changed in Emacs 26.1, in that it didn't consider text inside comments and strings as a potential list. This change is now reverted, and thing-at-point behaves like it did before Emacs 26.1.

when looking for a list, the function list-at-point now takes an optional argument to do so.

build-time. See nextstep/INSTALL for details. (This change was actually made in Emacs 26.1, but was undocumented and not called out in its NEWS.)

Use 'configure –with-gnutls=no' to build even when GnuTLS is missing.

version 2.6.6 or later.

GNU Mailutils to retrieve email. It is recommended, and is the default if GNU Mailutils is installed. When '–with-mailutils' is not in effect, the Emacs build procedure by default continues to build and install a limited 'movemail' substitute that retrieves POP3 email only via insecure channels. To avoid this problem, use either '–with-mailutils' or '–without-pop' when configuring; '–without-pop' is the default on platforms other than native MS-Windows.

GCC to issue warnings without stopping the build. This behavior is now the default in developer builds. As before, use '–disable-gcc-warnings' to suppress GCC's warnings, and '–enable-gcc-warnings' to stop the build if GCC issues warnings.

now enabled by default when configuring.

This allows socket based activation, where an external process like systemd can invoke the Emacs server process upon a socket connection event and hand the socket over to Emacs. Emacs uses this socket to service emacsclient commands. This new functionality can be disabled with the configure option '–disable-libsystemd'.

Use it in the standard way: 'systemctl –user enable emacs'. (If your Emacs is installed in a non-standard location, you may need to copy the emacs.service file to eg ~/.config/systemd/user/)

Emacs that is more likely to be reproducible; that is, if you build and install Emacs twice, the second Emacs is a copy of the first. Deterministic builds omit the build date from the output of the emacs-version and 「erc-cmd-SV」 functions, and the leave the following variables nil: emacs-build-system, emacs-build-time, 「erc-emacs-build-time」.

If the lcms2 library is installed, Emacs will enable features built on top of that library. The new configure option '–without-lcms2' can be used to build without lcms2 support even if it is installed. Emacs linked to Little CMS exposes color management functions in Lisp: the color metrics lcms-cie-de2000 and lcms-cam02-ucs, as well as functions for conversion to and from CIE CAM02 and CAM02-UCS.

as this appears to be the most common configuration in practice. When it is 'no', the shared game directory and the auxiliary program update-game-score are no longer needed and are not installed.

affected by this, as SGI stopped supporting IRIX in December 2013.

it runs in the foreground and does not fork. This is intended for modern init systems such as systemd, which manage many of the traditional aspects of daemon behavior themselves. '–bg-daemon' is now an alias for '–daemon'.

When given this option, Emacs will perform expensive correctness checks when dealing with dynamic modules. This is intended for module authors that wish to verify that their module conforms to the module requirements. The option makes Emacs abort if a module-related assertion triggers.

Terminal is automatically initialized to use 24-bit colors if the required capabilities are found in terminfo. See the FAQ node "(efaq) Colors on a TTY" for more information.

The effect is similar to that of "toolBar" resource on the tool bar.

When set to 'always', the command save-some-buffers will always offer this buffer for saving.

save-buffer process. Previously, saving a buffer that was not visiting a file would always prompt for a file name. Now it only does so if write-contents-functions is nil (or all its functions return nil).

This variable affects the format of the interpreter magic number inserted by executable-set-magic. If non-nil, the magic number now takes the form "#!/usr/bin/env interpreter", otherwise the value determined by 「executable-prefix」, which is by default "#!/path/to/interpreter". By default, 「executable-prefix-env」 is nil, so the default behavior is not changed.

This is now stored separately in a new variable, emacs-build-number.

Concurrency in Emacs Lisp is "mostly cooperative", meaning that Emacs will only switch execution between threads at well-defined times: when Emacs waits for input, during blocking operations related to threads (such as mutex locking), or when the current thread explicitly yields. Global variables are shared among all threads, but a 'let' binding is thread-local. Each thread also has its own current buffer and its own match data.

See the chapter "(elisp) Threads" in the ELisp manual for full documentation of these facilities.

of curved quotes for electric-quote-mode, allowing user to choose the types of quotes to be used.

electric-quote-mode context sensitive. If it is non-nil, you can type an ASCII apostrophe to insert an opening or closing quote, depending on context. Emacs will replace the apostrophe by an opening quote character at the beginning of the buffer, the beginning of a line, after a whitespace character, and after an opening parenthesis; and it will replace the apostrophe by a closing quote character in all other cases.

to disable electric quoting based on context. Major modes can add functions to this list; Emacs will temporarily disable electric-quote-mode whenever any of the functions returns non-nil. This can be used by major modes that derive from text-mode but allow inline code segments, such as 「markdown-mode」.

customize the case-sensitivity of dired-omit-mode. It defaults to the same sensitivity as that of the filesystem for the corresponding dired buffer.

resizing graphical Emacs frames on the X Window System. This support requires the DOUBLE-BUFFER extension, which major X servers have supported for many years. If your system has this extension, but an Emacs built with double buffering misbehaves on some displays you use, you can disable the feature by adding

'(inhibit-double-buffering . t)

to default-frame-alist. Or inject this parameter into the selected frame by evaluating this form:

(modify-frame-parameters nil '((inhibit-double-buffering . t)))

deprecated. Use the new group 'text', which inherits from 'wp', instead.

inferior shell with the buffer region as input.

if the output buffer is erased between shell commands; if non-nil, the output buffer is not erased; this variable also controls where to set the point in the output buffer: beginning of the output, end of the buffer or save the point. When shell-command-dont-erase-buffer is nil, the default value, the behavior of shell-command, shell-command-on-region and async-shell-command is as usual.

whether the output buffer of an asynchronous command is shown immediately, or only when there is output.

This option controls the position of point when double-clicking mouse-1 on the end of a parenthetical grouping or string-delimiter: the default value nil keeps point at the end of the region, setting it to non-nil moves point to the beginning of the region.

This option allows you to drag the entire region of text to another place or another buffer. Its behavior is customizable via the new options mouse-drag-and-drop-region-cut-when-buffers-differ, mouse-drag-and-drop-region-show-tooltip, and mouse-drag-and-drop-region-show-cursor.

skip a confirmation prompt for killing subprocesses when exiting Emacs. When set to t (the default), Emacs will prompt for confirmation before killing subprocesses on exit, which is the same behavior as before.

to try to locate libraries that have been loaded with an explicit path outside load-path.

in the text in functions like read-from-minibuffer, but instead are added to the end of the face list. This allows users to say things like '(read-from-minibuffer (propertize "Enter something: " 'face 'bold))'.

to control whether to suggest shorter 【M-x】 commands or not.

face instead of the 「escape-glyph」 face.

face instead of the 「escape-glyph」 face.

This face is the header-line analogue of 「mode-line-highlight」; it should be the preferred mouse-face for mouse-sensitive elements in the header line.

part of minibuffers.

actually changed something.

environment 'Catalan', which has been added.

align-regexp no longer shares its history with all other history-less functions that use read-string.

asynchronous than it was (when specifying :nowait t in make-network-process). How asynchronous it is varies based on the capabilities of the system, but on a typical GNU/Linux system the DNS resolution, the connection, and (for TLS streams) the TLS negotiation are all done without blocking the main Emacs thread. To get asynchronous TLS, the TLS boot parameters have to be passed in (see the manual for details).

Certain process oriented functions (like 「process-datagram-address」) will block until socket setup has been performed. The recommended way to deal with asynchronous sockets is to avoid interacting with them until they have changed status to "run". This is most easily done from a process sentinel.

:service to be an integer string (e.g., :service "993") and sometimes required an integer (e.g., :service 993). This difference has been eliminated, and integer strings work everywhere.

Two new variables support disabling attempts to recover from stack overflow and to avoid automatic auto-save when Emacs is delivered a fatal signal. attempt-stack-overflow-recovery, if set to nil, will disable attempts to recover from C stack overflows; Emacs will then crash as with any other fatal signal. attempt-orderly-shutdown-on-fatal-signal, if set to nil, will disable attempts to auto-save the session and shut down in an orderly fashion when Emacs receives a fatal signal; instead, Emacs will terminate immediately. Both variables are non-nil by default. These variables are for users who would like to avoid the small probability of data corruption due to techniques Emacs uses to recover in these situations.

time the major mode is set, not just when the file is first visited. These local variables will thus not vanish on setting a major mode.

See the doc string of dir-locals-file for more information.

with a value depending on the connected remote server. For details, see the node "(elisp) Connection Local Variables" in the ELisp manual.

puny.el library, so that one can visit Web sites with non-ASCII URLs.

where you can cancel them with the 'c' command.

Applications that call switch-to-buffer and want to show the buffer at the position of its point should use pop-to-buffer-same-window in lieu of switch-to-buffer.

all call stack frames in a Lisp backtrace buffer as lists. Both debug.el and edebug.el have been updated to heed to this variable.

The old behavior of using 'prin1' can be restored by customizing the new option 「debugger-print-function」.

roster of X keysyms. It can be used in combination with another variable of this kind to swap modifiers in Emacs.

Also, it no longer converts 'IJ' and 'ij' to the compatibility characters U+0132 LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE IJ and U+0133 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE IJ.

local part of a remote file name. Thus, if you have a directory named "~" on the remote host "foo", you can prevent it from being substituted by a home directory by writing it as "/foo::/~/file".

settings of scroll-margin up to half the window size, instead of always restricting the margin to a quarter of the window.

You can enable this by customizing mouse-wheel-tilt-scroll. If you want to reverse the direction of the scroll, customize mouse-wheel-flip-direction.

This is to avoid bad behavior in some firewalls, which causes the connection to be closed by the remote host.

for DNS-querying functions nslookup-host, dns-lookup-host, and run-dig. Each function now accepts an optional name server argument interactively (with a prefix argument) and non-interactively.

large integers from being displayed as characters by 'M-:' and similar commands.

libraries: find-library-other-window and find-library-other-frame.

the display of raw bytes from octal to hex.

For example, '(format "%2$s %1$s %2$s" "X" "Y")' produces "Y X Y".

This is similar to what 「linum-mode」 provides, but much faster and doesn't usurp the display margin for the line numbers. Customize the buffer-local variable display-line-numbers to activate this optional display. Alternatively, you can use the display-line-numbers-mode minor mode or the global global-display-line-numbers-mode. When using these modes, customize display-line-numbers-type with the same value as you would use with display-line-numbers.

Line numbers are not displayed at all in minibuffer windows and in tooltips, as they are not useful there.

Lisp programs can disable line-number display for a particular screen line by putting the 「display-line-numbers-disable」 text property or overlay property on the first character of that screen line. This is intended for add-on packages that need a finer control of the display.

Lisp programs that need to know how much screen estate is used up for line-number display in a window can use the new function line-number-display-width.

「linum-mode」 and all similar packages are henceforth becoming obsolete. Users and developers are encouraged to switch to this new feature instead.

handle ZWNJ in Arabic text rendering.

Traditionally, in Column Number mode, the displayed column number counts from zero starting at the left margin of the window. This behavior is now controlled by column-number-indicator-zero-based. If you would prefer for the displayed column number to count from one, you may set this variable to nil. (Behind the scenes, there is now a new mode line construct, '%C', which operates exactly as '%c' does except that it counts from one.)

The auto-hscroll-mode variable can now have a new special value, 「current-line」, which causes only the line where the cursor is displayed to be horizontally scrolled when lines are truncated on display and point moves outside the left or right window margin.

mode-line-percent-position. '%o' displays the "degree of travel" of the window through the buffer. Unlike the default '%p', this percentage approaches 100% as the window approaches the end of the buffer. '%q' displays the percentage offsets of both the start and the end of the window, example: "5-17%". The new option mode-line-percent-position makes it easier to switch between '%p', '%P', and these new constructs.

list-matching-lines-current-line-face to show the current line highlighted in Occur buffer.

'undo', undo the last replacement; bound to 'u'. 「undo-all」, undo all replacements; bound to 'U'.

In modes where form feed was treated as a whitespace character, delete-trailing-whitespace would keep lines containing it unchanged. It now deletes whitespace after the last form feed thus behaving the same as in modes where the character is not whitespace.

content is unchanged. Instead of only checking the modification time, Emacs now also checks the file's actual content before prompting the user.

manner via the new mode auto-save-visited-mode. Unlike auto-save-visited-file-name, this mode uses the normal saving procedure and therefore obeys saving hooks. auto-save-visited-file-name is now obsolete.

Prefix argument selects that many (or that many more) defuns. Negative prefix arg flips the direction of selection. Also, mark-defun between defuns correctly selects N following defuns (or -N previous for negative arguments). Finally, comments preceding the defun are selected unless they are separated from the defun by a blank line.

This command replaces the contents of the accessible portion of the current buffer with the contents of the accessible portion of a different buffer while keeping point, mark, markers, and text properties as intact as possible.

These are buffer-local versions of apropos-variable and apropos-value, respectively. They show buffer-local variables whose names and values, respectively, match a given pattern.

The two new variables, bidi-paragraph-start-re and bidi-paragraph-separate-re, allow customization of what exactly are paragraphs, for the purposes of bidirectional display.

This controls how long Emacs will wait for updates to the graphical state to take effect (making a frame visible, for example).

See the file ORG-NEWS for user-visible changes in Org.

This can be customized via the 「info-menu」 category in completion-category-overrides.

A new option 「ediff-show-ancestor」 and a new toggle 「ediff-toggle-show-ancestor」.

mode bindings: 'C-c @ C-a', 'C-c @ C-t', 'C-c @ C-d', and 'C-c @ C-e'.

directory suffixes (gnu, gnu/lib, gnu/lib/emacs, emacs, lib, lib/emacs) when searching for info directories.

for the ChangeLog file, if none already exists. Customize 「change-log-directory-files」 to nil for the old behavior.

string literals. The syntax variants '\N{character name}' and '\N{U+code}' are supported.

This allows better indentation support in modes that support multiple programming languages in the same buffer, like literate programming environments or ANTLR programs with embedded Python code.

A major mode can provide indentation context for a sub-mode. To support this, modes should use prog-first-column instead of a literal zero and avoid calling 'widen' in their indentation functions. See the node "(elisp) Mode-Specific Indent" in the ELisp manual for more details.

of progress messages in cpp.el.

to a format suitable for reverse lookup zone files.

for editing TOML files.

specialized for editing freedesktop.org desktop entries.

editing Less files.

password manager password-store (https://passwordstore.org).

any object for the 'key' argument.

extension when not present. The new command dired-mark-suffix behaves similarly but it doesn't prepend a '.'.

table implementation. This uses a new bytecode op 'switch', which isn't compatible with previous Emacs versions. This functionality can be disabled by setting byte-compile-cond-use-jump-table to nil.

is now called only if either no comment syntax is defined for the current buffer or the self-insertion takes place within a comment.

SRFI-2 (Scheme Request for Implementation 2).

mode to send the same escape sequences that xterm does. This makes things like forward-word in readline work.

now doesn't propertize the string value of the separator. Instead, text properties are added by query-replace-read-from. Additionally, the new nil value restores pre-24.5 behavior of not providing replacement pairs via the history.

It controls whether to and how to translate ASCII quotes in messages and help output. Its possible values and their semantics remain unchanged from Emacs 25. In particular, when this variable's value is 'grave', all quotes in formats are output as-is.

now generate less chatter and more-compact diagnostics. The auxiliary function 「check-declare-errmsg」 has been removed.

Unicode horizontal whitespace as defined in the Unicode Technical Standard #18. If you only want to match space and tab, use '[ \t]' instead.

Formerly, they returned a floating-point value if any argument was floating-point, which was sometimes numerically incorrect. For example, on a 64-bit host (max 1e16 10000000000000001) now returns its second argument instead of its first.

renamed to 'lread–old-style-backquotes'. No user code should use this variable.

that does not process CRLF. For example, it defaults to 「utf-8-unix」 instead of to 「utf-8」. Before this change, Emacs would sometimes mishandle file names containing these control characters.

longer quietly mutate the target of a local symbolic link, so that Emacs can access and copy them reliably regardless of their contents. The following changes are involved.

symbolic link has remote file name syntax.

particular, the function 'internal–module-call' has been removed. Code that depends on undocumented internals of the module system might break.

handlers now.

gtk_windowmove for moving frames and ignores the value of the variable 'x-gtk-use-window-move'. The variable is now obsolete.

destination argument specially only when it is a directory name, i.e., when it ends in '' on GNU and other POSIX-like systems. When the destination argument D of one of these functions is an existing directory and the intent is to act on an entry in that directory, D should now be a directory name. For example, (rename-file "e" "f") renames to 'f/e'. Although this formerly happened sometimes even when D was not a directory name, as in (rename-file "e" "f") where 'f' happened to be a directory, the old behavior often contradicted the documentation and had inherent races that led to security holes. A call like (rename-file C D) that used the old, undocumented behavior can be written as (rename-file C (file-name-as-directory D)), a formulation portable to both older and newer versions of Emacs. Affected functions include add-name-to-file, copy-directory, copy-file, format-write-file, 「gnus-copy-file」, make-symbolic-link, rename-file, 「thumbs-rename-images」, and write-file.

The documentation of this function always said the order should be that of decreasing priority, if the 2nd argument of the function is non-nil, but the code returned the list in the increasing order of priority instead. Now the code does what the documentation says it should do.

'format' was previously documented to return a newly-allocated string, but this documentation was not correct, as (eq x (format x)) returned t when x was the empty string. 'format' is no longer documented to return a newly-allocated string, and the implementation now takes advantage of the doc change to avoid making copies of strings in common cases like (format "foo") and (format "%s" "foo").

Programs that called it with multiple arguments before should pass them through 'format' first. Even that is discouraged: for ElDoc support, you should set eldoc-documentation-function instead of calling eldoc-message directly.

For example giving '&optional' without a following variable, or passing '&optional' multiple times:

(defun foo (&optional &rest x)) (defun bar (&optional &optional x))

Previously, Emacs would just ignore the extra keyword, or give incorrect results in certain cases.

That package (and the corresponding change in GnuPG and pinentry) was intended to provide a way to input passphrase through Emacs with GnuPG 2.0. However, the change to support that was only implemented in GnuPG >= 2.1 and didn't get backported to GnuPG 2.0. And with GnuPG 2.1 and later, pinentry.el is not needed at all. So the library was useless, and we removed it. GnuPG 2.0 is no longer supported by the upstream project.

To adapt to the change, you may need to set 「epa-pinentry-mode」 to the symbol 'loopback'. Alternatively, leave 「epa-pinentry-mode」 at its default value of nil, and remove the 「allow-emacs-pinentry」 setting from your 'gpg-agent.conf' configuration file, usually found in the '~/.gnupg' directory.

Note that previously, it was said that passphrase input through minibuffer would be much less secure than other graphical pinentry programs. However, these days the difference is insignificant: the 「read-password」 function sufficiently protects input from leakage to message logs. Emacs still doesn't use secure memory to protect passphrases, but it was also removed from other pinentry programs as the attack is unrealistic on modern computer systems which don't utilize swap memory usually.

It has been renamed as internal function 'window–make-major-side-window', however applications should instead call display-buffer-in-side-window (passing the SIDE and SLOT parameters as elements of ALIST). This approach is backwards-compatible with versions of Emacs in which the old function exists. See the node "Displaying Buffers in Side Windows" in the ELisp manual for more details. 

This argument, when non-nil, is used for comparison instead of 'equal'.

If non-nil, the argument specifies a function to use for comparison, instead of, respectively, 'assq' and 'eql'.

contain the same elements, regardless of the order.

the current stack trace.

given file is on a case-insensitive filesystem.

have been added. They are: file-attribute-type, file-attribute-link-number, file-attribute-user-id, file-attribute-group-id, file-attribute-access-time, file-attribute-modification-time, file-attribute-status-change-time, file-attribute-size, file-attribute-modes, file-attribute-inode-number, file-attribute-device-number and file-attribute-collect.

a buffer's contents.

to determine which function has to be called in order to deliver the SIGINT signal. This allows Tramp to send the SIGINT signal to remote asynchronous processes. The hitherto existing implementation has been moved to internal-default-interrupt-process.

questions, with a handy way to display help texts.

range of indentation.

secure-hash supports. See the node "(elisp) Checksum/Hash" in the ELisp manual for details.

gnutls-macs and gnutls-hash-mac; gnutls-digests and gnutls-hash-digest; gnutls-ciphers and gnutls-symmetric-encrypt and gnutls-symmetric-decrypt. See the node "(elisp) GnuTLS Cryptography" in the ELisp manual for details.

supported by the GnuTLS library used by Emacs.

functions make-record, 'record', and 'recordp'. Records are now used internally to represent cl-defstruct and 'defclass' instances, for example.

If your program defines new record types, you should use package-naming conventions for naming those types. This is so any potential conflicts with other types are avoided.

to decide which buffers to ask about, if the PRED argument is nil. The default value of save-some-buffers-default-predicate is nil, which means ask about all file-visiting buffers.

setting which special events while-no-input should ignore. It is a list of symbols.

undo-boundaries between two states.

the files where corresponding definitions can be found. This can be used to fetch definitions that are not yet loaded, for example for 【C-h f】.

syntax-ppss.

gets evaluated after the new mode's hook has run. This can be used to incorporate configuration changes made in the mode hook into the mode's setup.

Set 「autoload-timestamps」 to a non-nil value to get timestamps in autoload files.

says that negotiation should complete even on non-blocking sockets.

that allows changing the way corrections are sorted.

fortunes in the echo area.

of an arbitrary function. This generalizes subr-arity for functions that are not built-in primitives. We recommend using this new function instead of subr-arity.

to provide region boundaries (for rectangular regions more than one) to an interactively callable function as a single argument instead of two separate arguments region-beginning and region-end.

Element 10 is non-nil when the last character scanned might be the first character of a two character construct, i.e., a comment delimiter or escaped character. Its value is the syntax of that last character.

permanent and documented, and may be used by Lisp programs. Its value is a list of currently open parenthesis positions, starting with the outermost parenthesis.

as the background color.

other than GNU/Linux.

interpreting consecutive runs of numerical characters as numbers, and compares their numerical values. According to this predicate, "foo2.png" is smaller than "foo12.png".

due to internal rounding errors. For example, '(< most-positive-fixnum (+ 1.0 most-positive-fixnum))' now correctly returns t on 64-bit hosts.

accept only floating-point arguments, as per their documentation. Formerly, they quietly accepted integer arguments and sometimes returned nonsensical answers, e.g., '(< N (ffloor N))' could return t.

contains at least EMACS_INTWIDTH - 3 bits, 'format' no longer returns incorrect answers due to internal rounding errors when formatting Emacs integers with '%e', '%f', or '%g' conversions. For example, on these hosts '(eql N (string-to-number (format "%.0f" N)))' now returns t for all Emacs integers N.

limited integer range) now signal an error if arguments are not integral. For example '(decode-char 'ascii 0.5)' now signals an error.

now accept optional arguments which specify the regexp of a substring to trim.

to the corresponding character code.

Lisp object suitable for use with 'eq' and 'eql' correspondingly. If two objects are 'eq' ('eql'), then the result of sxhash-eq (sxhash-eql) on them will be the same.

consistency with the new functions. For compatibility, 'sxhash' remains as an alias to sxhash-equal.

instead of 0.8, to avoid rounding glitches.

when a symbol's value is changed. This is used to implement the new debugger command debug-on-variable-change.

'print' to output control characters as backslash sequences.

allow it to be OFFSET or a list (OFFSET ABBR), where the integer OFFSET is a count of seconds east of Universal Time, and the string ABBR is a time zone abbreviation. The affected functions are current-time-string, current-time-zone, decode-time, format-time-string, and set-time-zone-rule.

It avoids unnecessary consing (and garbage collection).

job of signaling list cycles instead of looping indefinitely.

can be used for creation of temporary files on remote or mounted directories.

no longer suffers from a race when called while another process is altering the filesystem. On non-GNU platforms file-attributes attempts to detect the race, and returns nil if it does so.

of remote processes.

file-name-quoted-p can be used to quote / unquote file names with the prefix "/:".

signaled instead of 「file-error」 if a file operation acts on a file that does not exist.

operating recursively and when some other process deletes the directory or its files before delete-directory gets to them.

avoids debugger like user-error.

argument 'absolute'. If this parameter is nil, the default, this function keeps on returning the line number taking potential narrowing into account. If this parameter is non-nil, the function ignores narrowing and returns the absolute line number.

'metric'. When non-nil, it should be a function of two arguments that accepts two colors and returns a number.

Its functionality can be replicated simply by setting comment-auto-fill-only-comments.

For details, see the doc string of 'rx–pcase-macroexpander'.

The new functions secondary-selection-to-region and secondary-selection-from-region let you set the beginning and the end of the region from those of the secondary selection and vice versa.

gstring returned by the underlying layout engine (e.g. m17n-flt, uniscribe).

The new keyboard hooking code properly grabs system hotkeys such as 'Win-*' and 「Alt-TAB」, in a way that Emacs can get at them before the system. This makes the w32-register-hot-key functionality work again on all versions of MS-Windows starting with Windows 7. On Windows NT and later you can now register any hotkey combination. (On Windows 9X, the previous limitations, spelled out in the Emacs manual, still apply.)

Previously, on MS-Windows this function converted slash characters in file names into backslashes. It no longer does that. If your Lisp program used convert-standard-filename to prepare file names to be passed to subprocesses (which is not the recommended usage of that function), you will now have to mirror slashes in your application code. One possible way is this:

(let ((start 0)) (while (string-match "/" file-name start) (aset file-name (match-beginning 0) ?\\) (setq start (match-end 0))))

The effect of delivering a Ctrl-C (SIGINT) signal to a GUI Emacs on MS-Windows is now the same as on Posix platforms – Emacs saves the session and exits. In particular, this will happen if you start emacs.exe from the Windows shell, then type Ctrl-C into that shell's window.

The 'kill' emulation on Windows now maps SIGTRAP to a call to the 'DebugBreakProcess' API. This causes the receiving process to break execution and return control to the debugger. If no debugger is attached to the receiving process, the call is typically ignored. This is in contrast to the default action on POSIX Systems, where it causes the receiving process to terminate with a core dump if no debugger has been attached to it.

on macOS.

macOS.

of frame decorations on macOS 10.9+.

like the macOS default. The new variables 「ns-mwheel-line-height」, 「ns-use-mwheel-acceleration」 and 「ns-use-mwheel-momentum」 can be used to customize the behavior.

This file is part of GNU Emacs.

GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GNU Emacs. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.