Emacs NEWS.25

「find-function-after-hook」.

The 「Info-quoted」 and 「tex-verbatim」 faces inherit from it by default.

This variable allows you to get back pre-Emacs 25 behavior where the font for displaying symbol and punctuation characters was always selected according to your fontset setup. By default, Emacs 25 tries to use the default face's font for such characters, if it supports them, disregarding the fontsets. Set this variable to nil to disable this and get back the old behavior.

coding system cannot represent curved quote characters. Instead, users can deal with the unrepresentable characters in the usual way when they save the buffer.

Set this variable to a non-nil value to speed up display of characters using large fonts, at the price of a larger memory footprint.

5.32.99, although the software itself hasn't changed. This aims to reduce confusion with the standalone CC Mode 5.33 (available from https://cc-mode.sourceforge.net), which is a more mature version than the one included in Emacs 25.2.

This builds Emacs with Cairo drawing. As a side effect, it provides support for built-in printing, when Emacs was built with GTK+. The Emacs Cairo drawing is experimental and still has some known display problems. We encourage more testing of this build and reporting any problems you find, but it is not recommended for production.

This enables support for loading dynamic modules; see below.

users are not affected by this, as SGI stopped supporting IRIX in December 2013. If you are affected, please send a bug report. You should be able to work around the problem either by porting the Emacs undumping code to GCC under IRIX, or by configuring –with-wide-int, or by sticking with Emacs 24.4.

The GC_{MAKEGCPROSNOOPS} stack-marking variant has been the default since Emacs 24.4, and the other variants were undocumented and were obstacles to maintenance and development. GC_MARKSTACK and its related symbols have been removed from the C internals.

If gnustep-config is not available, the old heuristics are used.

unless gfile is explicitly requested via –with-file-notification='gfile'.

and macOS machines.

Use './configure PKG_CONFIG=/full/name/of/pkg-config' if you need to.

It was no longer useful, as it relied on libraries that are no longer supported, and its presence led to confusion during configuration. This affects only the 'movemail' utility; Emacs itself can still process MMDF-format files as before.

and silent rules are now quieter. To get the old behavior where 'make' chatters a lot, configure with '–disable-silent-rules' or build with 'make V=1'.

group instead of a user if its argument is prefixed by ':' (a colon). This will cause the game score files in "${localstatedir}/games/emacs" to be owned by that group, and the helper program for updating them to be installed setgid. The option now defaults to the 'games' group.

It has no particular connection to Emacs and has not changed in years, so if you want to use it, you can always take a copy from an older Emacs.

Various resolutions are available as etc/images/icons/hicolor/*/apps/emacs.png. The old Emacs logo icons are available as 'emacs23.png' in the same location.

This includes all tests which run via "make check", plus additional tests which take more time to perform.

initial-buffer-choice is non-nil, display both the file and initial-buffer-choice. When Emacs is given more than one file and initial-buffer-choice is non-nil, show initial-buffer-choice and 'Buffer List'. This makes Emacs convenient to use from the command line when initial-buffer-choice is non-nil.

and can contain escape sequences for command keys, quotes, and the like.

This is so there's enough space in the initial window to display the optional text about recovering crashes sessions, without losing the splash image display.

If you have gtk3 and webkitgtk3 installed, and Emacs was built with xwidget support, you can access the embedded webkit browser with 'M-x xwidget-webkit-browse-url'. This opens a new buffer with the embedded browser. The buffer will have a new mode, 「xwidget-webkit-mode」 (similar to image-mode), which supports the webkit widget.

A dynamic Emacs module is a shared library that provides additional functionality for use in Emacs Lisp programs, just like a package written in Emacs Lisp would. The functions 'load', 'require', load-file, etc. were extended to load such modules, as they do with Emacs Lisp packages. The new variable module-file-suffix holds the system-dependent value of the file-name extension ('.so' on Posix hosts) of the module files.

A module should export a C-callable function named 'emacs_moduleinit', which Emacs will call as part of the call to 'load' or 'require' which loads the module. It should also export a symbol named 'plugin_{isGPLcompatible}' to indicate that its code is released under the GPL or compatible license; Emacs will refuse to load modules that don't export such a symbol.

If a module needs to call Emacs functions, it should do so through the API defined and documented in the header file 'emacs-module.h'. Note that any module that provides Lisp-callable functions will have to use Emacs functions such as 'fset' and 'funcall', in order to register its functions with the Emacs Lisp interpreter.

Modules can create 「user-ptr」 Lisp objects that embed pointers to C structs defined by the module. This is useful for keeping around complex data structures created by a module, to be passed back to the module's functions. User-ptr objects can also have associated "finalizers" – functions to be run when the object is GC'ed; this is useful for freeing any resources allocated for the underlying data structure, such as memory, open file descriptors, etc. A new predicate user-ptrp returns non-nil if its argument is a 「user-ptr」 object.

Loadable modules in Emacs are an experimental feature, and subject to change in future releases. For that reason, their support is disabled by default, and must be enabled by using the '–with-modules' option at configure time.

added via the new Network Security Manager (NSM) and controlled via the 「network-security-level」 variable.

and 'x-select-enable-primary' is renamed select-enable-primary. Additionally they both now apply to all systems (macOS, GNUstep, MS-Windows, you name it), with the proviso that on some systems (e.g., MS-Windows) select-enable-primary is ineffective since the system doesn't have the equivalent of a primary selection.

customize how switch-to-buffer proceeds interactively when the selected window is strongly dedicated to its buffer.

even-window-sizes and now handles window widths as well.

when called interactively. A prefix argument toggles this behavior.

The function tty-run-terminal-initialization consults this variable when deciding what terminal-specific initialization code to run.

main features that Emacs was compiled with. This is mainly intended for use in Emacs bug reports.

hiding character but the default '.' can be used by let-binding the variable read-hide-char.

On systems where Emacs can access the system entropy or some other cryptographically secure random stream, it now uses that when 'random' is called with its argument t. This allows cryptographically strong random values; in particular, the Emacs server now uses this facility to produce its authentication key.

Bracketed paste mode causes text terminals to wrap pasted text in special escape sequences that allow Emacs to tell the difference between text you type and text you paste from other applications. Emacs then avoids interpreting each character in the pasted text as it does with keyboard input, which results in a paste experience similar to that under a window system, and significant performance improvements when pasting large amounts of text.

Bracketed paste mode is disabled by default, so Emacs automatically enables it at startup if the terminal supports it.

The Emacs implementation of the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm (UBA) was updated to support all the latest additions and changes introduced in Unicode Standard versions 6.3, 7.0, and the latest Unicode 8.0. This includes full support for directional isolates and the Bidirectional Parentheses Algorithm (BPA) specified by these Unicode standards.

fontification during full screen scrolling operations, giving less hesitant operation during auto-repeat of 【C-v】, 【M-v】 at the cost of possible inaccuracies in the end position.

Works for functions, variables, faces, etc. It is bound to 【C-h o】 by default.

unsaved customizations and prompts user to customize (if found). It is intended for adding to kill-emacs-query-functions.

in favor of the global 【M-s h】 bindings introduced in Emacs 23.1. They'll disappear soon.

It raises an error if a bookmark of that name already exists, unlike bookmark-set which silently updates an existing bookmark.

It is no longer sufficient to load the saveplace library and set save-place non-nil. Instead, use the two new minor modes: save-place-mode turns on saving last place in every file, and save-place-local-mode does that only for the file in whose buffer it is invoked. The save-place variable is now an obsolete alias for save-place-mode, which replaces it, and toggle-save-place is an obsolete alias for the new save-place-local-mode command.

When you invoke 'shell' interactively, the 'shell' buffer will now display in a new window. However, you can customize this behavior via the display-buffer-alist variable. For example, to get the old behavior – 'shell' buffer displays in current window – use (add-to-list 'display-buffer-alist '("\\`\\*shell\\*\\'" . (display-buffer-same-window))).

With this you can tell Edebug not to stop at the start of the first instrumented function.

stands inside it, and certain parens can be highlighted when point is at BOL or EOL, or in whitespace there. To enable these, customize, respectively, show-paren-when-point-inside-paren or show-paren-when-point-in-periphery.

of 「epg-gpg-program」 (instead of gpg).

These should be used in preference to font-lock-fontify-buffer when called from Lisp.

to minibuffer-setup-hook.

If the first argument of the macro is of the form '(:append FUN)', then FUN will be appended to minibuffer-setup-hook, instead of prepending it.

If the output of ERT tests in batch mode execution can be saved to a log file, then it can be passed as an argument to the above function to produce a neat summary.

If you want to get the old behavior back, customize the 「Info-quoted」 face to use the same definitions as the default face.

By default, 32 consecutive spaces or four consecutive TABs are considered to be too deep, but the new variable 「whitespace-big-indent-regexp」 can be customized to change that.

New options 「tildify-space-string」, 「tildify-pattern」, and 「tildify-foreach-region-function」 variables make 「tildify-string-alist」, 「tildify-pattern-alist」, and 「tildify-ignored-environments-alist」 variables (as well as a few helper functions) obsolete.

The new package Xref provides a generic framework and new commands to find and move to definitions of functions, macros, data structures etc., as well as go back to the location where you were before moving to a definition. It supersedes and obsoletes many Etags commands, while still using the etags.el code that reads the TAGS tables as one of its back-ends.

The command xref-find-definitions replaces find-tag and provides an interface to pick one definition among several. tags-loop-continue is now unbound. xref-pop-marker-stack replaces pop-tag-mark, but has a keybinding ('M-,') different from the one pop-tag-mark used.

xref-find-definitions-other-window replaces find-tag-other-window. xref-find-definitions-other-frame replaces find-tag-other-frame. xref-find-apropos replaces find-tag-regexp.

As a result of this, the following commands are now obsolete: find-tag-other-window, find-tag-other-frame, find-tag-regexp, tags-apropos.

tags-loop-continue is not obsolete because it's still useful in tags-search and tags-query-replace, for which there are no direct replacements yet.

The new package Project provides generic infrastructure for dealing with projects. The main commands included in it are project-find-file and project-find-regexp.

The Lisp API of this package is still experimental.

EUDC's LDAP backend has been improved.

be added to the archive.

minibuffer instead of a graphical dialog, depending on whether the gpg command is called from Emacs (i.e., INSIDE_EMACS environment variable is set). This feature requires newer versions of GnuPG (2.1.5 or later) and Pinentry (0.9.5 or later). To use this feature, add "allow-emacs-pinentry" to "~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf" and reload the configuration with "gpgconf –reload gpg-agent".

The main entry points are cl-defgeneric and cl-defmethod. See the node "Generic Functions" in the Emacs Lisp manual for more details.

SCSS (Sassy CSS) files.

let-bind the values stored in an alist.

types the text. Breaking line after a single-character words is forbidden by Czech and Polish typography (and may be discouraged in other languages), so 「auto-tildify-mode」 makes it easier to create a typographically-correct documents.

that complement basic functions provided by subr.el. All functions are prefixed with 'seq-' and work on lists, strings and vectors. 'pcase' accepts a new Upattern 'seq'.

alists, hash-table and arrays. All functions are prefixed with 'map-'. 'pcase' accepts a new UPattern 'map'.

evaluation of forms.

support for JSX, an XML-like syntax extension to ECMAScript.

arguments. The earlier behavior of silently supplying a nil to the last variable when there was an odd number of arguments has been eliminated.

Removed 「font-lock-beginning-of-syntax-function」 and the SYNTAX-BEGIN slot in font-lock-defaults.

When Subword mode is turned on, forward-word, backward-word, and everything that uses them will move by sub-words, effectively overriding the buffer's syntax table. Lisp programs that shouldn't be affected by Subword mode should call the new functions forward-word-strictly and backward-word-strictly instead.

called during startup. Users who call this function in their init file and still expect it to be run after startup should set package-enable-at-startup to t after the call to package-initialize.

This means that you can't use make-local-variable and expect them to "magically" become buffer-local.

The track-mouse form no longer refrains from changing the shape of the mouse pointer for the entire time the body of that form is executed. Lisp programs that use track-mouse for dragging across large portions of the Emacs display, and want to avoid changes in the pointer shape during dragging, should bind the variable track-mouse to the special value 'dragging' in the body of the form.

has any effect. (This change was made in Emacs 24.4 but was not advertised at the time.)

This is mostly a bug-fix, since this change was missed back in 24.4 when symbol-function was changed not to signal 「void-function」 any more.

This avoids clashing when other programs use the variable for other purposes. Although 【M-x term】 still sets EMACS for compatibility with Bash 4.3 and earlier, this is deprecated and will be phased out when Bash 4.4 or later takes over. Use the INSIDE_EMACS environment variable instead.

Use save-mark-and-excursion if you want the old behavior.

argument (PREDICATE).

The minibuffer will be the current buffer when the function is called. If you want the old behavior of calling the function in the buffer from which the minibuffer was entered, use the new argument SWITCH-BUFFER to completion-table-dynamic.

well as active region handling.

group ID instead of t.

any reference to a buffer position. The 6th member of the mouse position list returned for such events is now nil.

These slots used to hold key-shortcut data, but have been obsolete since Emacs 21.

when signaling a file error. For example, it now reports "Permission denied" instead of "permission denied". The old behavior was problematic in languages like German where downcasing rules depend on grammar.

Set it to 'curve' for curved single quotes, to 'straight' for straight apostrophes, and to 'grave' for grave accent and apostrophe. The default value nil acts like 'curve' if curved single quotes are displayable, and like 'grave' otherwise. The new variable affects display of diagnostics and help, but not of info. As the variable is not intended for casual use, it is not a user option.

various sorts of single quotes in their format strings according to the value of text-quoting-style (see above). This translation cannot be disabled. To get the old behavior, use 'format', which is not affected by text-quoting-style, e.g., (message "%s" (format "…." foo bar)).

That is, it converts documentation strings' quoting style as per the value of text-quoting-style. Doc strings in source code can use either curved single quotes or grave accents and apostrophes. As before, characters preceded by \= are output as-is.

now match multibyte characters using Unicode character properties. If you want the old behavior where they matched any character with word syntax, use '\sw' instead.

no longer match every multibyte character. Instead, Emacs now consults the Unicode character properties to determine which characters are graphic or printable. In particular, surrogates and unassigned codepoints are now rejected. If you want the old behavior, use [:multibyte:] instead.

behavior, set diff-switches to '-c'.

–color argument anymore. It's added at the <C> place holder position dynamically. Any third-party code that changes these templates should be updated accordingly.

The new behavior is compatible with Common Lisp and with XEmacs. This change does not affect Lisp code intended to be portable to Emacs 24.2 and earlier, which did not support unary '/'.

that happen, unhandled-file-name-directory now defaults to calling file-name-as-directory.

This means packages that use URL cannot bind url-request-data to multibyte strings. If non-ASCII characters should be part of the URL payload, then url-request-data should be encoded to become a unibyte string.

parsing functions like forward-sexp.

prefix-command-preserve-state-hook allow the definition of prefix commands other than the predefined 【C-u】.

These allow conversion between buffer positions and the corresponding file byte offsets, given the file's encoding.

Previously, the default value of nil implied using 'read'.

It is a bit easier to use than pre-redisplay-function.

Previously, it was an optional argument, now it's mandatory.

Replaced by properties 「cursor-intangible」 and 「cursor-sensor-functions」, implemented by the new cursor-intangible-mode and cursor-sensor-mode minor modes.

Use the new minor modes cursor-intangible-mode and cursor-sensor-mode instead.

':stderr' keyword of make-process to handle standard error output of subprocess.

start-process. It allows programs to set process parameters such as process filter, sentinel, etc., through keyword arguments (similar to make-network-process).

The new option window-adjust-process-window-size-function controls how subprocesses are told to adapt their logical window sizes to changes in the Emacs window configuration. Its default value calls set-process-window-size with the smallest dimensions of all the windows that display the subprocess's buffer.

files (recursively) under a directory.

'message' and related functions from displaying messages in the echo area. The output is still logged to the 'Messages' buffer.

buffers to allow certain parts of the text to be writable.

such as C and C++ where line comments with escaped newlines are continued to the next line.

See the "Generators" section of the ELisp manual for the details.

See the "Finalizer Type" subsection in the ELisp manual for the details.

It should be placed right where the docstring would be, and FORM is then evaluated (and should return a string) when the closure is built.

string-lessp.

preserve the collation order as defined by the system's locale(1) environment. For the time being this is implemented for modern POSIX systems and for MS-Windows, for other systems they fall back to their counterparts string-lessp and string-equal.

suitable for use with 'setf'.

but makes called-interactively-p treat the function as (you guessed it) called interactively.

find characters whose directionality was, perhaps maliciously, overridden by directional override control characters. Lisp programs can use this to detect potential phishing of URLs and other links that exploits bidirectional display reordering.

copy a portion of a buffer into a different location while preserving the visual appearance both of the copied text and the text at destination, even when the copied text includes mixed bidirectional text and directional control characters.

permissions set to temporary values (e.g., for creating private files).

system's name has changed or if the Emacs process has changed systems. To avoid long waits it no longer consults DNS to canonicalize the name (in some cases this may affect generated message-id headers - customize 「message-user-fqdn」 if this bothers you). The variable system-name is now obsolete.

directory at point.

in addition to the old style with grave accent and apostrophe. The new style looks better on today's displays. In the new Electric Quote mode, you can enter curved single quotes into documentation by typing grave accent and apostrophe. Outside Electric Quote mode, you can enter them by typing 'C-x 8 [' and 'C-x 8 ]', or (if your Alt key works) by typing 'A-[' and 'A-]'. As described above under text-quoting-style, the user can specify how to display doc string quotes.

curved single quotes, grave accents and apostrophes as per text-quoting-style.

before being passed to the function. Help strings, help-echo properties, etc. can therefore contain command key escapes and quotation marks.

of the Emacs process to binary I/O mode.

name (as returned from, for instance, file-name-all-completions) is a directory file name. It returns non-nil if the last character in the name is a directory separator character (forward slash on GNU and Unix systems, forward- or backslash on MS-Windows and MS-DOS).

if the terminal cannot display curved quotes.

standard-display-table, and encode output using locale-coding-system. To force a specific encoding, bind coding-system-for-write to the coding-system of your choice when invoking functions like 'prin1' and 'message'.

This is used by Google's Native Client (NaCl).

For consistency with the usual Emacs spelling, the Lisp variable 「hfy-optimisations」 has been renamed to 「hfy-optimizations」. The old name should still work, as an obsolescent alias.

Those features have been deprecated in Gtk+ for a long time.

This includes the makefile.w32-in files in various subdirectories, and the support files. The file nt/configure.bat now just tells the user to use the procedure described in nt/INSTALL, by running the Posix 'configure' script in the top-level directory.

or Windows Server 2003. The built binaries still run on all versions of Windows starting with Windows 9X.

MS-Windows as they are on other platforms.

Pass '–without-ns' to configure to create an X11 build, the old default.

non-native NS fullscreen. The default is nil. Set to t to enable animation when entering and leaving fullscreen. For native macOS fullscreen this has no effect.

emoji) display is disabled. This feature was accidentally added when Emacs 24.4 included the new Core Text based font backend code that was originally implemented for a non-mainline port. This will be enabled again once it is also implemented in Emacs on free operating systems. If some symbols, such as emoji, do not display, we suggest to install an appropriate font, such as Symbola; then they will be displayed, albeit without the color effects.

MS-Windows application given the name of its executable program file.

It can be used to tune the size of the buffer of pipes created for communicating with subprocesses, when the program run by a subprocess exhibits unusual buffering behavior. Default is zero, which lets the OS use its default size.

This file is part of GNU Emacs.

GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with GNU Emacs. If not, see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.